Extended winters entail long-term costs for insect offspring reared in an overwinter burrow

Differential expression and costs between maternally and paternally derived immune priming for offspring in an insect.

1. When parasitized, both vertebrates and invertebrates can enhance the immune defence of their offspring, although this transfer of immunity is achieved by different mechanisms. In some insects, immune-challenged males can also initiate trans-generational immune priming (TGIP), but its expressions appear qualitatively different from the one induced by females similarly challenged. 2. The exist...

Long-term Developmental Effects of Lactational Exposure to Lead Acetate on Ovary in Offspring Wistar Rats

Merging of Long-Term Memories in an Insect

Research on comparative cognition has largely focused on successes and failures of animals to solve certain cognitive tasks, but in humans, memory errors can be more complex than simple failures to retrieve information [1, 2]. The existence of various types of "false memories," in which individuals remember events that they have never actually encountered, are now well established in humans [3,...

Commentary: Merging of long-term memories in an insect

Imagine that you are asked to remember a list of words (e.g., " inside " and " consult "). At test you have to recognize which words were in the list. Now imagine that one of the words that you have to recognize is " insult. " Was " insult " in the list? If you respond " yes, " you are making a conjunction error that is, you incorrectly recognize a novel word (insult), which is made up of parts...

development and implementation of an optimized control strategy for induction machine in an electric vehicle

in the area of automotive engineering there is a tendency to more electrification of power train. in this work control of an induction machine for the application of electric vehicle is investigated. through the changing operating point of the machine, adapting the rotor magnetization current seems to be useful to increase the machines efficiency. in the literature there are many approaches wh...